Analysis of The Effect of Delay time, Weld time, and Hold time on Material Quality in Ultrasonic Welding Machines

Abstract

The ultrasonic welding process is widely applied in manufacturing due to its speed and precision. However, joint quality is highly dependent on process parameters, including delay time, weld time, and hold time. Incorrect parameter settings may result in defects such as gaps, underwelds, overwelds, and weld lines. This study aims to evaluate the influence of time parameter variations on joint quality and identify optimal conditions. An experimental method using a Design of Experiments approach was implemented. The parameters were tested at three levels: low , medium , and high, with three repetitions. Visual inspection was used to assess defects. The findings indicate that low levels produced gap and underweld defects, while high levels led to overweld and weld line defects. Medium levels yielded defect-free joints and were determined to be optimal.