Analysis System Air Conditioning of the Mechanical System in the 2nd Floor MEP Installation of SNL Food Prahyangan

Abstract

Centralized ducted air conditioning is an essential element in commercial buildings to maintain temperature and humidity comfort. This study aims to analyze the cooling load, evaluate the adequacy of installed capacity, and formulate operational improvement strategies for the HVAC system on the second floor of the SNL Food Parahyangan building in Batam. Quantitative analysis using the standard rule-of-thumb method of 500" BTU/h"⋅"m" ^2 and the Capacity Adequacy Ratio (R) index indicates that all areas are oversized, with adequacy ratios ranging from 154.51% to 175.65% (total installed/planned capacity of 570.00" PK" compared to a basic required load of 348.17" PK" ). This excessive capacity, particularly in the Main Lobby (175.65%), poses operational risks such as compressor short-cycling, energy waste, and high relative humidity. To resolve these issues, an integrated operational optimization strategy was formulated, comprising: (1) aerodynamic air balancing by adjusting the Lobby Volume Control Damper (VCD) valve to 40%-50% openness to redirect excess airflow to Zone A and stabilize humidity at 50%-55%" RH" ; (2) implementation of occupancy-based 3-Stage Scheduling combined with weekly compressor Lead-Lag Rotation to save up to 38.5% daily electricity during off-peak hours; and (3) thermostat setpoint adjustment to 〖24〗^∘ "C"-〖25〗^∘ "C" (SNI 6390:2020), deadband expansion to 〖1.5〗^∘ "C" , and activation of the Daikin inverter Variable Refrigerant Temperature (VRT) mode. The combination of these measures effectively eliminates short-cycling, maintains indoor environmental comfort, and yields daily energy savings of approximately 35% to 40% under normal operating conditions.