Analysis of Technical Anomalies in Power Supply AMR Using FMEA at PT. PLN Batam

Abstract

— The Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system plays a crucial role in the efficient collection of electricity consumption data at PT. PLN Batam. However, the reliability of this system is frequently disrupted by recurring damage to the AMR device's power supply, leading to failures in accurate and real-time data transmission. This study aims to identify the primary failure modes, analyze their root causes, and formulate mitigation strategies to enhance the reliability of the AMR power supply. Through a combination of fishbone analysis, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), visual inspection, and component measurements, it was found that the two most significant failure modes are the continuous operation (24 hours) of the power supply and exposure to high ambient temperatures. The FMEA results showed Risk Priority Numbers (RPN) of 175 for frequency of use and 245 for temperature, highlighting the urgency of addressing both factors. Specifically, visual inspection and capacitance measurements confirmed that the 220uF electrolytic capacitor is the most vulnerable component, exhibiting significant capacitance degradation due to high temperatures and non-stop operation, which leads to unstable output voltage and frequent modem restarts. Based on these findings, the study recommends power supply PCBA rework, specifically replacing the faulty capacitors, as a cost-effective repair solution. Furthermore, as a preventive measure, the implementation of an active cooling system within the PLN APP box and the use of an external timer to regulate the operational cycle of the power supply and modem are proposed. Although the preventive recommendations have not yet been implemented due to cost and time constraints, this research provides a deep understanding of the root causes of AMR power supply issues and offers practical solutions to improve system performance and customer satisfaction at PT. PLN Batam.