Data Communication System from Automated Guided Vehicles to Servers Using the HTTP Protocol

Abstract

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) require reliable wireless communication systems to transmit operational data, such as battery status and location information, to a monitoring server. This study evaluates the performance of AGV data communication using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) over a 2.4 GHz WiFi network under varying transmission distances and testing room conditions. The evaluation was conducted using Quality of Service (QoS) parameters, including latency, packet loss, and success rate, through field experiments in three different environments: the same room, different rooms, and a soundproof room. The experimental results indicate that the communication system operates stably up to a distance of 25 m in the same-room environment, achieving an average latency of 280–682 ms, zero packet loss, and a success rate of 100%. In the different-room environment, communication remains functional up to 25 m with latency values ranging from 361 to 783 ms; however, performance degrades at a distance of 30 m, where latency reaches 2781 ms and the success rate decreases to 60%. In the soundproof-room environment, communication is maintained only up to 25 m with latency values between 406 and 849 ms, while at a distance of 30 m, packet loss increases to 80%. These findings demonstrate that variations in testing room conditions have a greater impact on the communication performance of HTTP-based AGV systems than increases in transmission distance.