Smart Farming: Penerapan Fuzzy Logic Dalam Sistem Otomasi Pada Tanaman Hidroponik Dan Monitoring Faktor Lingkungan Hidroponik di Urban Farming Batara

Abstract

Limited open space in urban areas, such as in the Batara Raya Housing complex in Batam City, has prompted the community to initiate urban farming programs using hydroponic methods. However, conventional hydroponic management still faces efficiency obstacles due to manual monitoring of nutrient levels, acidity (pH), and environmental factors. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart farming system using fuzzy logic to automate and monitor environmental factors and plant nutrients in real-time. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller as the central controller integrated with pH, TDS, load cell, DHT22, BH1750, and anemometer sensors. Fuzzy logic is applied to process sensor data for intelligent decision-making in controlling actuators, including peristaltic pumps (for nutrient, pH up, and pH down solutions) and a DC motor for the protective curtain open-close mechanism. The monitored data is transmitted wirelessly and displayed on the "Batara Grow" application interface via Antares and Firebase platforms. The experimental results indicate that all hardware components, fuzzy algorithms, and IoT integrations function properly. The system achieves an average data transmission interval of 31.11 seconds to Antares and 121.67 seconds to Firebase, which is within normal network latency. Overall, the system successfully executes adaptive automation and monitoring, maintains the stability of the nutrient solution and micro-environmental conditions, while minimizing manual user intervention.