Characterization and Accuracy Evaluation of the PBS-03JN LiDAR Sensor on an Automated Guided Vehicle System Against Various Types of Objects

Abstract

Abstract Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) require a reliable obstacle detection system to ensure operational safety in industrial environments. This study evaluates the performance of the PBS-03JN LiDAR sensor using measurement error analysis and detection accuracy against variations in distance and object attributes such as color, material, and surface properties. Quantitative testing was conducted indoors under static AGV conditions. This was done by comparing the sensor reading distance with the actual distance. The results showed that the PBS-03JN LiDAR sensor detected light-colored non-reflective objects, especially cardboard, well, with low error values and nearly 100% accuracy. Conversely, reflective and transparent objects, such as clear acrylic plastic, glass, and mirrors, had high measurement error values and low accuracy due to the optical characteristics of the material to near-infrared light. The PBS-03JN LiDAR sensor meets the datasheet specifications under the best conditions, but has limitations on certain objects that need to be considered when implementing AGV safety systems in industrial work environments.