Development of a Web-Based Interface for Control Motor on Mobile Robot

Abstract

Abstract—Mobile robots require a control system capable of maintaining stable movement and orientation during operation. One of the most widely used control methods is the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller. However, manually tuning PID parameters requires considerable time and user experience, making the process less efficient. This study aims to develop a web-based interface that enables real-time system monitoring and PID parameter tuning for a mobile robot. The developed system integrates a web-based interface served by a Python Flask-SocketIO backend, which bridges communication with an Arduino Mega over a serial connection. The web interface allows users to adjust PID parameters, monitor the robot's condition, and control its movement directly through a web browser. Experimental results demonstrate that the PID controller is capable of regulating the motor speed to closely match the desired setpoint. The implementation of the web-based interface also simplifies the tuning process, as the proportional (Kp), integral (Ki), and derivative (Kd) parameters can be adjusted in real time while the system response is observed immediately. The findings indicate that integrating a web-based interface with the PID control system enhances the flexibility of testing and tuning processes for an omnidirectional mobile robot. Furthermore, the developed web-based interface proved to be effective for real-time motor control and mobile robot monitoring.