Automatic Locking System for Locker at Brail Stores

Abstract

Abstract— This research develops an automatic locking system using fingerprint biometric authentication for the Brail component store at Batam State Polytechnic to address inefficiencies in manual inventory operations, including chaotic tracking and material misappropriation. The system employs the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) integrating an ESP32 microcontroller, fingerprint sensor, 4-channel relay module, and 12V solenoid locks. The system was tested with 25 registered users and 150 registered fingerprint records as the authentication database. Testing involved 150 locker unlocking attempts to evaluate system efficiency and detection accuracy. Results showed that out of 150 attempts, 125 attempts (83.33%) successfully unlocked the locker while 25 attempts (16.67%) failed. Detailed analysis of system response conditions revealed that 110 data (73.33%) successfully detected fingerprints and activated the solenoid lock, 25 data (16.67%) detected fingerprints but experienced actuator failure preventing lock activation, and 15 data (10.00%) failed to detect fingerprints resulting in no system response due to sensor reading failures. The measurement method used average opening time per 30 openings to assess system performance. These results confirm effective system operation, successfully transforming manual processes into a controlled digital system with enhanced security and accountability. The ESP32 effectively manages biometric authentication and relay control for electromagnetic lock actuation. Future improvements include fingerprint sensor calibration optimization, solenoid actuator stability enhancement, and signal handling refinement to minimize detection failures. This research demonstrates practical embedded systems application for inventory management and security in educational institutions.