Analisis Dampak Penggunaan Bahan Bakar B35 pada Operasional Kapal Tugboat 26M di PT. Patria Maritim Perkasa

Abstract

The Government of Indonesia has implemented the mandatory B35 fuel policy, consisting of 35% biodiesel (FAME) and 65% pure diesel, as part of efforts to reduce carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. However, its application in tugboats poses several technical challenges that require further evaluation. This study aims to analyze the impact of B35 fuel on the fuel system and engine performance of a 26-meter tugboat (TB. Armada Maritim I) operated by PT. Patria Maritim Perkasa. The research employed a direct observation method supported by trial and sea trial testing. After switching to B35, the fuel supply pressure was recorded as stable at around 13 psi and 0.8 bar. In contrast, prior to using B35 with conventional diesel (B0), pressure readings were inconsistent, reaching 29 psi and 0.3 bar. Furthermore, engine speed improved from 560 RPM to 830 RPM following the use of B35. Despite this improvement, issues such as fuel filter clogging were observed, caused by the monoglyceride content and the hygroscopic nature of B35, which promotes emulsion and sediment formation. There was also evidence of oxidation and corrosion in the injector components when the engine was idle. To address these problems, improvements were made to the filtration system, and a preheater was installed to maintain fuel stability during operation. This study concludes that B35 fuel can be functionally applied in tugboat operations, provided that supporting systems are upgraded to prevent performance disturbances.